Key insights and practical lessons of Wal-Mart Essay

Key bits of knowledge and commonsense exercises of Wal-Mart - Essay Example The organization runs the biggest market in United States of America, and in 2009, over 51% of its business incomes in United States of America originated from its supermarkets (Roberts and Bergs, 2012). This income added up to 258 billion United States dollars. The organization has a nearness in North America, working a retail distribution center business. The organization has an estimated number of 8500 stores in 15 unique nations. In these 15 nations, the organization has distinctive brand names. For example, in United States of America, the organization works under the brand name of Wal-Mart. In Mexico, the organization works under the brand name of Walmex, while in India; the organization works under the brand name of Best Price (Roberts and Bergs, 2012). The organization likewise has retail locations in Japan, Argentina, South Africa, China and the United Kingdom. Regardless of its victories, the organization doesn't have tasks in East Africa, and specifically Kenya. Kenya has the most prevailing economy in East Africa, and it has a quickly developing retail showcase inside the area (Agwuele, 2012). It additionally has an open financial framework, which is favorable in pulling in Foreign Direct Investments in the nation. It has outstanding amongst other work power in Africa, and great foundations, for example, an intricate street organize, and proficient flexibly of vitality (Agwuele, 2012). On this premise, the nation is a decent goal for the passage of the business inside the area. Notwithstanding its victories, the organization doesn't have activities.

Internet Risk Essay

Web Risks and Our Response 1)Introduction As our general public turns out to be increasingly urban, and life gets wild and occupied for the two guardians and youth, the young people face a greater number of issues of innovation than previously. Distance, forlornness, despondency become increasingly pervasive. Numerous young people additionally approach the web. With the prepared accessibility of broadband, and by and large an improvement in the broadcast communications industry, particularly in the urban zones (mostly due to the government’s push to draw in speculations and business for MSC), web dangers which were again predominant in the West or the more innovatively propelled countries are upon our young people in Malaysia. 1 2)Current Trends a)Information Explosion The appearance of the World Wide Web has made a colossal bank of data. Anyway since it is uncensored and un-directed, anybody can post any sort of data and assets on the web. Erotic entertainment has become the scourge of this data age. )Correspondence Revolution Other than messages, web visits, texting, the adolescents are presently into taking an interest in interpersonal organizations like â€Å"Friendster† and into on-line journaling on â€Å"Web-logs†, all the more famously known as â€Å"Blogs†. It is additionally not abnormal for them to uti lize â€Å"on-line dating† administrations. Spaming, web-harassing, web-outrages, hacking and digital legends have become genuine dangers because of unchecked utilization of web specialized devices. c)Information Exchange There are likewise numerous new sorts of newsgroups, clubs, announcement sheets which are begun the web where individuals trade data. Moreover, there are many distributed stages for trade of documents and data that can by-pass the web yet are still especially part of the way of life of information smart young people (e. g. in inns, schools and colleges). These distributed systems can become rearing justification for guileful data just as erotic entertainment d)Gamming society Computer games have advanced incredibly from DOS based games to enlivened games to what is currently known as Role Playing Games. With the accessibility of broadbands, Massive Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games (MMORPG) are the most recent rage. With such games, you can play with a wide range of individuals, everywhere throughout the world, independent of national or land limits and time-zones. e)Telecommunications Industry Convergence With scaling down and the coming of coordinated media communications gadget (smaller than expected PC and phone), both the advantages of the web just as the dangers have gotten much progressively versatile and increasingly prompt. 3)Risks a)Surfing Time Waster Pornography introduction and habit b)Chats, Instant Messaging Safety Issues, dangers of abducting and assault. c)Chats, Instant Messaging, Games Isolation and distance, ack of self-assurance, have low confidence, need social aptitudes, powerlessness to relate steadily social and mental impediment results d)Games Most basic well known games are dull, cultic, evil, narrow minded, erotic and savage. Dependence on desire, viciousness, mysterious and game culture, disarray results absence of sound certifiable turn of events, contorted standpo int of this present reality.

Will Management Consulting Prepare You for Entrepreneurship

Will Management Consulting Prepare You for Entrepreneurship © Shutterstock.com | ImageFlowThe aim of this article is to analyze and to answer the question of whether management consulting would prepare you for entrepreneurship. In order to answer this question, I will go through the following sections: 1) an introduction to management consulting vs entrepreneurship; 2) whether management consulting is good preparation for entrepreneurship, 3) overall answer to the question, and 4) real life stories from several entrepreneurs utilizing consulting skills.CONSULTING VS ENTREPRENEURSHIP AN INTRODUCTIONWhat is entrepreneurship?An entrepreneur is a person who starts and manages his/her own business or enterprise and takes the onus of all risks and opportunities. An entrepreneur is wholly responsible for planning business strategies, acquiring human and other resources and deciding on budget allocations.To become a successful entrepreneur, youll need to get into the type of business that you know you will enjoy doing and are also qualified enough to handle. You should be an avid planner and a great money manager. Also, sales and marketing should come naturally to you, and you should be able to forge strong relationships with your customers. You should be ready to update your business regularly with the latest technologies, and to craft your business to have that all-important competitive edge over your rivals and to create a positive business image. Lastly, you should be able to put together a great and highly-motivated team.What is management consulting?Management consulting is the branch of consulting that helps a business augment its performance by analyzing problems facing the business and providing solutions. Management consulting spans across most fields like human resources, marketing, technology, payroll, and finance.As a management consultant, there is a vast scope for gathering industry experience at both macro and micro levels, and this goes a long way toward personal development.In what ways do management consult ants differ from entrepreneurs?Although related to each other in several aspects, management consultants differ vastly from entrepreneurs.Doers vs. Advisers: First and foremost, entrepreneurs are the business owners, consultants are not. An entrepreneur takes ALL responsibilities for the business, whereas a management consultant only HELPS the business achieve its goals. Entrepreneurs are the DOERS while consultants are the advisers.Theory vs. Practice: Management consultants are more theory-oriented. They possess all the intricate knowledge necessary to run a business. Entrepreneurs are more street-smart. Entrepreneurs are typically a lot closer to the actual markets than consultants are.Risk taking: Entrepreneurs are much more likely to take risks on behalf of the business than consultants would be willing to. Entrepreneurs focus on the risk aspect of any new proposition. Entrepreneurs can be much more sceptical than consultants.Multitasking: Entrepreneurs inherently multitask af ter all they own the business. So its not unusual for entrepreneurs to have a hand in most of their companies tasks. The role of management consultants is much more specialized and restricted.IS MANAGEMENT CONSULTING GOOD PREPARATION FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP?In order to answer this question, I would like to walk through several areas.SkillsSkills you can learn in Management ConsultingA management consultant has to hone a good number of specialized skills if he/she hopes to succeed as an entrepreneur. They are:Analytical skills: Analytical skills are the USP of any successful management consultant. A skilled consultant is able to analyze and solve problems that are outside the purview of even top-level management.Strategy and critical thinking: By way of management consulting, knowledge about how to analyze and structure a problem will be attained. A skilled consultant is able to break down a problem into its constituent elements and then compare it with existing case scenarios. He/she i s able to get to the core of the problem and represent it concisely. The consultant is then able to provide a viable solution to the problem, effectively taking care of all constrictions and compromises. These strategic skills will definitely help the consultant cultivate competence in problem-solving and help him/her apply these skills in the future as a possible entrepreneur.Networking skills: Understanding the customer and communicating effectively with him is one of the essential skills of a management consultant. A good consultant listens to his/her customers and makes sure that he/she is well understood as well. Networking skills help the consultant develop his/her capabilities to identify their audience, whether it is within the company or outside, and understand what drives or motivates them and what constrains them.Fast learning skills: A good consultant has to be a quick learner. A consultant should also be a continuous learner. He/she should be prepared to ask questions a nd seek clarifications. Asking questions is a great way to convey to your client or customer that you are getting involved.Presentation skills: Good presentation skills are a given for any management consultant. A good consultant is able to condense weeks of hard and fruitful work into concise, to-the-point presentations.Prioritizing skills (80/20 approach): A corollary of the Pareto Principle states that 80% of a companys profits comes from 20% of its customers. An efficient consultant is able to identify these high-priority customers and give them their deserved right of way.Skills you need to become an Entrepreneur and start your business, depending on the stage of the businessThere are generally three stages of a business. They are:1st Stage The Idea StageIn the idea stage, two abilities are tested:The ability to innovate, andThe ability to take initiatives.At this stage, an entrepreneur decides on the central idea of his startup company. He focuses on the three core innovation skills thinking, talking and doing. Thinking is research. Research and analysis done well will reveal the needs of the market and what kind of product or service it is ready for.But, of course, as a consultant, the ability to innovate is limited creativity cannot be acquired, nor does it come from experience. Hence, skills learned from being a consultant helps only limited at this stage of starting your business.As an entrepreneur you must be able and willing to act proactively. You must display the three central qualities of a proactive actor self-discipline, optimism and competitiveness.2nd Stage The Prototyping and Development StageIn this stage, two more abilities are put to the test:The ability to plan and foresee, andThe ability to learn and network.As an entrepreneur you should be able to plan his resources, whether they are financial, personal or time-related. You should be able to set realistic deadlines and routinely meet them.Successful entrepreneurs are continuous l earners. They do not shy away from asking for advice from their mentors. They communicate frequently and clearly. They are endless networkers, always looking for opportunities to create new customer bases.3rd Stage The Growth StageHere, the following two qualities of an entrepreneur come into play during the growth stage of a startup:Analytical and decision-making abilities, andProfit-oriented focus.The analytical and problem-solving skills of a consultant do come in handy when transforming into an entrepreneur. As a consultant, one is exposed to  many different scenarios that are both unique and challenging. This vast  amount of experience gathered in diverse fields is priceless to the future  entrepreneur.Building a rock-solid reputation and competitive advantage will guarantee profits.This brings us back to the question: Does Management Consulting prepare you for Entrepreneurship?The answer is YES. A vast majority of the skills are pretty useful. BUT this depends on  the develop ment stage of the startup, the startup business model, and the market where it operates.Responsibility StressResponsibility you can expect in Management ConsultingResponsibility is typically restricted if you are a management consultant. You are only responsible to solve company problems analytically and using market and industry knowledge. But the responsibility for the success of the solution, when implemented, is not carried by a management consultant.Stress you can expect in Management Consulting The stress situation for a management consultant typically stems from client pressure and the urgency to meet deadlines. Getting random work assignments also lengthens the project and increases the stress level. Then there is the much-dreaded travel-related stress.Responsibility (but with Ability to take risks)  you can expect as an EntrepreneurThe scenario is vastly different when you assume the role of an entrepreneur. I have mentioned before that an entrepreneur is ENTIRELY responsi ble for the success of his startup. As an entrepreneur, you OWN your companys vision. Other people are there just to help. So, its paramount that you communicate your vision to your employees and associates in clear terms. You need to inculcate the sense of responsibility in them and help them embrace your values. From these values, you will be able to create a work culture that is unique and beneficial to your company.You are responsible for measuring the performance of your company and driving it. You need to plan your time slots and set priorities to your tasks.An entrepreneur is not only responsible to solve startup issues, but also to take and carry the risk of the decisions made during every stage of the startup development. Hence, an entrepreneur experiences rather often the so-called roller coaster.Lets face it the decision to abandon your paycheck as a consultant and take on the role of an entrepreneur is in itself a big risk.Secondly, as an entrepreneur, you are liable to use up your personal savings on your business. You should have the gumption and the moral fiber to put your hard-earned money on the line. And its not money alone. As an entrepreneur, you will be required to invest a lot of your personal time and, of course, your health in your business.You also must have the ability to cope with a less-than-steady cash flow. However, one of the biggest responsibility to take as an entrepreneur is to completely trust your employees. As a startup, you would not have the luxury of hiring a full-fledged team and will have to pass on a few important tasks to some key employees. Absolute trust is a must in this scenario.Stress you can expect as an EntrepreneurStress in the case of entrepreneurship is based mostly on the market. It also has a lot to do with your constant endeavor not to make a wrong decision and dent your business prospects.Does Management Consulting prepare you for Entrepreneurship?Mostly, No. But consulting has little to do with coachi ng you on your responsibilities. It teaches you great skills, no doubt, but skills alone are not enough to assume the role of a successful entrepreneur. Responsibilities can seldom be taught and are not acquired by experience. A sense of responsibility is inherent its all in the attitude and not in the aptitude.ExpertiseMarket and industry expertise in Management ConsultingExperience in the market and industry will impart a set of essential skills to the management consultant.Market knowledge domain expertise you need as an Entrepreneur A highly-educated and management trained consultant can ease his way into the market. The market, especially, provides a consultant ample opportunities to hone his domain expertise and make practical use of it. Management consulting prepares you to face the market by associating you with clients that have a strong market presence. Working with these clients in order to augment their operational efficiency and formulate business strategies helps you be at the top of things in your domain.Typical requirements of the market and industry knowledge for becoming an Entrepreneur and starting your business:The market and industry knowledge that you gather as a consultant will make you proficient in understanding your customers needs as an entrepreneur. This knowledge helps you understand the market your competitors, their pricing strategies, new entrants, new products, etc.Does Management Consulting prepare you for Entrepreneurship?As far as expertise is concerned, definitely. Aptitude is the biggest fringe benefit that you can hope to gain by being associated with major industry players as a consultant.Co-WorkingCo-working skills you can learn in Management ConsultingPeople Skills: Management consultants may not be very well-received internally at the client company. As such, people skills are an absolute must. Every consultant is required to develop a relationship of trust and mutual goodwill with employees at short notice.Teamwor k: Consulting inherently provides a great environment for teamwork. Since, as a consultant, you work with other consultants as well as with employees of the client company, there is a lot of interaction and collaboration taking place.Skills you need to become a successful EntrepreneurAs an entrepreneur, the biggest challenge is to initiate co-working interaction. When you start your own business, it is highly probable that you are working with a few or no co-founders at all. The best thing to do in this situation is to communicate and associate with other similar entrepreneurs.But as your company gets bigger, you have to ensure a friendly and collaborative atmosphere in your company. Hence, co-working skills will be of use for every entrepreneur as well.Does Management Consulting prepare you for Entrepreneurship?Yes, co-working and people skills gained as a consultant should help you in forging new social and business relationships.Working HoursTypical working hours in Management Co nsultingWorking hours in management consulting are not predictable they vastly depend on the project you have at hand. Although you generally work fixed hours, it is often difficult or even impossible to predict possible overtime hours.Typical working hours if you are an EntrepreneurWorking hours in entrepreneurship can vary depending on your current projects and the development stage you are in. Overtime hours are very typical especially for young startups.Does Management Consulting prepare you for Entrepreneurship?Yes, management consulting does prepare you to take up ad hoc responsibilities as an entrepreneur. It also prepares you for those last-minute schedule changes as and when they come.TravelingAmount of traveling you should expect in Management ConsultingTraveling may be appealing to the new consultant, but with time, travel takes its toll, especially when the consultant has a family to care for. Management consulting will prepare you to schedule your travels and make last -minute travel arrangements.Amount of traveling you should expect as an EntrepreneurAs an entrepreneur, you are much less likely to travel unplanned. However, due to business constraints, you will most likely be obligated to travel when you want to communicate in person with your clients or look for investors in other cities or even countries.Does Management Consulting prepare you for Entrepreneurship?When you start as a business model which requires geographical flexibility, your traveling experience as a former consultant comes in handy. You are able to carry over your cultivated habits of flying to different locations and entertaining clients.OVERALL ANSWER TO THE QUESTIONPartly Yes, management consulting definitely would help you in some areas of entrepreneurship. It does so in the following ways:Application of best practices: As a consultant, you get to polish all your theoretical skills obtained during your management education. You are able to develop core competency skills l ike time management, people management, teamwork and change management.Knowledge of the market: Exposure to the market empowers you with that all-important market knowledge.Problem-solving skills come in handy: Dealing with a variety of clients with conflicting interests, handling projects with sharp deadlines and dealing with other stressful situations from time to time help you gain expertise as a problem solver.Wider network connections: Working in different teams helps you network with people around you better. You learn how to get involved and build your community.BUT this is not the full list of the skills required for entrepreneurship. This depends on the development stage of your startup, on the industry where the startup is working, etc.REAL LIFE STORIES OF ENTREPRENEURS UTILIZING THEIR MANAGEMENT CONSULTING EXPERIENCESHere are a few real life instances of successful entrepreneurs with previous experience in management consulting.The Story of Diana GoodwinA commerce graduat e from the University of Toronto, Diana had several years worth of experience as a swimming instructor under her belt. After graduating, she joined Bain Company as a management consultant.With a high-profile job in her hands, Diana still dreamt of starting a swimming school for children that would provide individualized training.Pretty soon, Diana realized her dreams in the form of AquaMobile Swim School a school providing premium coaching to children. A part-time business at first, the school soon developed into a full-time business once Diana realized its immense business potential.Diana quit her job and enrolled in an MBA program. By the time she graduated, Diana was armed with a strong business plan about how to push AquaMobile into the big league. Her management experience helped her bring in the money easily.Now a successful entrepreneur, Diana points out some things that helped in her transition to an entrepreneur starting early, focusing on the main business idea, and net working vigorously.The Story of Dan StreetDan Streets story began differently. Management consulting and private equity finance were not really useful, and actually even hurtful in an early stage, while growing his startup, Borrowed Sugar, a software company. However, it was pretty useful for his company in the later stages when his motive was to raise capital and scale up his business. Management consulting helped Dan grow his company with ease.The Story of Slava RubinMedia entrepreneur, Slava Rubin is a great example of how a university-based academic education, a stint abroad for global/international education, and management consulting for corporate education taught him how big companies operate and make decisions.Corporate education in a form of a management consultant taught Slava the ins and outs of how Fortune 500 companies operate. He obtained the essential skills of decision-making and varied exposure by working with different companies.According to Slava, management consu lting was nothing short of an extension of his education to reach his ultimate goal entrepreneurship.

Human Rights And Its Effects On The Chinese Employees

Suicide, deaths, childhood labor, terrible working conditions, abuse of basic human rights. Can you guess who is responsible for the majority of this cruelty? A company we have become obscenely obsessed with for the past few years: Apple. It is the biggest and most well know multinational technology corporation. We keep their products in our back jean pockets all the way to our office desks. Behind their â€Å"updated† and â€Å"hip† technology lies a deep, disturbing, and dangerous truth. Millions of Apple’s employees are practically slaves by being treated like machines. This company has obscure intentions by trying to produce their goods no matter what the cost is. As it is illustrated by the article â€Å"In China, Human Costs Are Built into an iPad†, Charles Duhigg and David Barboza show the detrimental impact of this corporation upon its Chinese employees. Apple is now identified for its harmful working condition in its factories. Employees work excessive overtime without a single day off during the week as these sweatshops work all day, every day. To produce the merchandise efficiently and effectively, the workers stand at all hours of the day and leave with a decreasing amount of energy every passing day. The company provides most of its workers with the benefit of satisfying dorms. 70,000 Foxconn, Apple’s major manufacturing partner, workers are obligated to live with 20 other people in a slum three-bedroom apartment. Under age workers are unfortunately adding onto Apple’sShow MoreRelatedPsychological Contract in the 21st Century1301 Words   |  6 PagesDate:11/08/2011 Word count:963. Psychological Contract is an abstract contract that affects both employers and employees, a subtle contract without speaking or writing, contains assumptions and expectations from each party towards the other (Rousseau 1989). 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The Undeniable Reality About Essay Samples Pdf for Elemnetary That Nobody Is Telling You

The Undeniable Reality About Essay Samples Pdf for Elemnetary That Nobody Is Telling You Essay Samples Pdf for Elemnetary Features The simplest way to find out the form of an essay is to realize the writer's point of view. On the finished part, you may also compare the documentary with others in the exact genre or subject in order to produce readers have more thorough understanding of the review. It's also easier than attempting to add references at a subsequent stage. In any case, your reaction may also make an overall address to the full documentary without picking parts. Extended essays may require a level of technicality. To compose an impressive short essay, especially during an examination, you have to be in a position to hit the question and give a straightforward answer while at the identical time observing the correct structure of an essay. Be certain that your essay has a very good introduction, research questions, focus and other significant specifics. A number of the essays ask you to describe what's happening and a number of them are about why it's happening. You're predicted to persuade the readers with your arguments, so be certain you include as many supporting academic parts of evidence as you are able to. The target of a persuasive essay is to convince your readers your viewpoint is the suitable viewpoint. So far as essay structure goes, a 4 or 5 paragraph essay based on the number of points you might want to argue is a superb start. The Downside Risk of Essay Samples Pdf for Elemnetary Your extended essay introduction needs to be catchy. It isn't easy to compose the prolonged essay, but if you've got a guide, you won't have trouble. There's no ideal solution on how best to compose an effective essay. Before you commence writing your college essay, you may choose to see the essay examplesA that we've listed for you, so you may have more idea on what things to put in the college essay you will create. You shouldn't be scared of extended essays. Needless to say, you may use protracted essay samples, but you've got to understand main ru If you read the official guidelines about extended essay, it is important to take note of it as it is going to completely help you. College essay samples are everywhere over the web and in a lot of subjects. Which is the reason we have given you some informative essay samples that can assist you with your own. Type of Essay Samples Pdf for Elemnetary When you plan your essay and jot down the points you're likely to talk about in your draft, you are going to have lot of points to discuss. In summary, you can't fail by making the appropriate introduction to your quote. Make certain you have specific topic in your thoughts because general subject area is not going to help you. You don't have to be stress with the essay since you can complete it on the most suitable time. The Fundamentals of Essay Samples Pdf for Elemnetary Revealed Reading sam ples of response papers is also an additional way by which you can easily learn how to compose a reaction paper to documentary. The sample is there to offer you an impression on the standard of the paper. Most samples are at no cost. What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Essay Samples Pdf for Elemnetary Before you even begin writing the content of your college essay, there are a number of essay writing basic guide that you must always bear in mind. If you wish to create a college essay which works, you will need to provide importance on the content which you will give the admissions officer of your intended university with. Just because you've already written a college essay for a single university doesn't mean that it may also apply on your next applications. Developing a good college essay are able to lose its purpose in the event the content of what you've written is not what the university is asking for. What You Need to Do About Essay Samples Pdf for Elemnetary Before You Miss Your Chance Essay writing is normally practiced is schools. Creative Essay writing is currently recognized among the most helpful activity for kids for their general personality development. Writing a high school essay if you've got the tips about how to do essay effectively. Your college essay should contain information that relate to the instruction provided to you. You remember, the item is in active development, lots of changes to doc also. If, for example, you're writing an essay on training a dog in 5 steps, do not incorporate the initial 3 steps in one paragraph and your own personal expertise in the conclusion. The expanding use of technology in business is yet another opportunity. There are 3 methods that may be utilized in providing explanation for informative essay.

Do You Think Mankind Is Born Evil or Good Free Essays

Do you believe that mankind is born good or evil? I believe that mankind are born to be good, but to be taught good or evil as they grow up. It depends on how their life was or how their parents taught and treated them. There is no such as thing being born evil only being born innocent. We will write a custom essay sample on Do You Think Mankind Is Born Evil or Good? or any similar topic only for you Order Now When people are born into this world, they are born innocent and new. Innocence, to me can be seen as good. They are babies, knowing nothing, not even evil . Then they grow and learn and begin to think about behavior. The things they are taught as they are young, and the people they know do much to shape their personalities and awareness. People become aware of what is good or bad partly through experience and mistakes in early stages of childhood development, partly through what they are taught, and partly through their own conscience telling them. If you think back to the first punishment you remember having, do remember why it happened? Do you think what you did was evil? Evil has to do with the heart and mind choices we make in thought and in deed. I believe that we are all born innocent, but are able of giving in to evil, especially in weak moments. Those who continue fighting against that evil, no matter how hard it may be or how many times we may fail, are still fighting the good fight. As I have expressed through my paper, mankind is not born evil, but they are born innocent. Not knowing a thing, good or evil. Evil grows in you as you grow up and make mistakes in your childhood. Trying to fight the bad and attempting to be good is innocent. Most bad or evil choices are made by your conscience. So Mankind is not born evil, but good. How to cite Do You Think Mankind Is Born Evil or Good?, Essay examples

Web Writing Mistakes That Can Kill Conversion Rates - The Writers For Hire

HOW TO WRITE WEB COPY THAT SELLS STUFF AND ENGAGES PEOPLE #3: 5 WEB WRITING MISTAKES THAT CAN KILL CONVERSION RATES In this third installment on writing web copy, we’re touching on some of the most important topics:   the most common mistakes we see (often) that kill websites.   Here’s what to look for (and what to avoid) to boost conversion rates and inspire readers to act. Let’s get started. 1.   Not realizing that the navigation and layout must come before design. A website isn’t a brochure – you have to think in 3D! This is a situation we see often at TWFH:   A client comes to us and says â€Å"Here.   I got this designer to design a website for me.   Now I need to have some copy.† You can get a functional website like this, but it’s not going to be an optimal website.   Here’s why: Websites are meant to convey content, not pretty pictures.   Yes, the pretty pictures and the design are important, but only if they serve the purpose of conveying the content.   So when you’re building a website, you always need to start with the content.   There are three different website planning stages: Content planning:   What pages you’re going to have on your website, and what information is going to be included on each page. Navigation planning:   Will you have top or side navigation?   How will each of the pages you planned interact with one another?   Can some pages be linked to other pages?   Will some pages be accessed from the navigation bar only? Page layout planning:   Where will information go on the page?   Should you have a sidebar?   Single column copy or double column copy?   Where will your charts and pictures go? Unlike writing a brochure that you can read front to back, websites have information buried in them, and visitors have a lot more leeway to choose the own path.   That’s why navigation and page design should be done with regard to content first.   Mapping out all the pathways that your reader might choose ensures that: Pages link together in a logical way that the visitor will understand Important information can be easily found Future website growth will be easy to incorporate So before anyone starts designing the website or writes any copy, we always suggest to go through this detailed planning stage.   Account for WHAT information on your website is going WHERE.   There are a lot of decisions to be made, very important decisions. Content only works in conjunction with website layout – the two aren’t mutually exclusive.   Spend some time planning where information should go, explore different design options, and once you have a good idea of where the elements of your website will be placed, THEN start writing and designing your website. 2.   Including long introductions on the homepage. A website isn’t a magazine article†¦ Most of us were taught in school to write a certain way:   Start with your introduction, include supporting facts, then wrap it up.   A lot of the print copy we see follows that same format, which is perhaps why lots of people want to take a journalistic approach to web writing – especially the long introductions that â€Å"set the scene.† But web writing isn’t journalism.   Long introductions aren’t necessary or relevant to your readers.   Good copywriters call this â€Å"fluff.†Ã‚   But the most important reason you should nix those long intros is because they don’t SELL. Professional web copywriting will concisely explain what your customer wants to know in the first two sentences.   It will highlight your differentiators, and it will get straight to the point.   No fluff, no beating around the bush. Here’s an example of an especially terrible website intro for a used car website: You need a car to get you to work.   You need a car to take your kids to school, for trips to the grocery store, and for epic road trip adventures.   You need a car to live your life – but you don’t need to pay top dollar for it.   That’s why Two Brothers’ Used Cars specializes in certified pre-owned vehicles – guaranteed to save you money. The problem with that example is that the introduction is long and meandering, and it doesn’t get to the point.   The message is confusing:   are you trying to convince your reader to buy a car, or convincing them to buy a car from you? (If they’re on your website, they already know they want to buy a car.) By the time readers skip down to the last sentence, they’re bored †¦ or they might not have even made it to the last sentence.   Instead, try a more direct approach, like: Two Brothers’ Used Auto has 1000s of pre-owned vehicles at wholesale prices.   Reliable.   Affordable.   And all used cars come with a year-long free maintenance package.   Come take a test drive today. More succinct, more precise, and clearer. I know what the company sells and specific company benefits and differentiators in a short amount of space.   You’re not writing for the local daily, so resist the urge to â€Å"ease† your reader in to your copy.   Jump in, be bold, and don’t waste time getting to the point. 3.   Mistaking your homepage for your â€Å"About Us† page. A website isn’t a business profile†¦ I can’t tell you how many times I’ve visited a website and, instead of getting information I wanted, like pricing or product details, I get something more like this: Our company has been around for 25 years.   We’ve since become the nation’s largest purveyor of widgets.   Our operations now include 23 states, Mexico, and Canada. I can tell that the owners must be savvy businessmen.   But if I’m looking to buy a widget, that’s not what I want to spend my time reading.   I need some CONTENT that’s directed at ME. A better homepage intro for our widget company is going to tell me exactly what I need to know – something more along the lines of: Our widgets save customers an average of 20% on their electric bill each month.   We also offer free installation and free next day delivery, so you can start seeing your savings tomorrow.   Shop our catalog of 24,000 widgets here. Business profiles sell your company, but you need to get down to the business of selling your product or service.   Readers don’t like when you talk about yourself, it boggles your homepage and confuses/bores the reader.   Double check that your homepage is relevant and directed at the reader.   Save your company credentials for another page and sell those widgets! 4.   Not letting people read or see what they want. A website isn’t a movie†¦ The great part about movies is that you get to sit back, relax, and drift off into an alternate reality for a few hours.   You’re not thinking about bills or work or walking the dog.   You’re engaged in a story. Websites are different because people aren’t always relaxed when they’re on the Internet.   They’re searching.   They need something.   And if they’re on your website, chances are they need something that you’re selling. So rather than directing them, let your visitor control the experience.   What are we getting at here exactly? We’re talking about some of those more intrusive things you see on fancy websites:   Flash.   Loud music.   Videos that pop out at me and send me searching for the STOP button. Sure, there’s a time and a place for all of those things – don’t get us wrong, your flash and high-dollar videos are cool.   But don’t make me sit through it.   Don’t make people go through a splash page or a darn video if they don’t want to.   Don’t make me jump out of my skin by blaring music at me †¦ please. Give them the option of skipping all the fancy stuff and getting to the meat of your website.   Otherwise, you run the risk of boring (or annoying) your visitors.   Let them call the shots! 5.   Not blocking or chunking copy on the page. A website isn’t a book†¦ Here’s what happens on a lot of webpages:   You sit down to write your website.   You start at the top of the page †¦ and then you write all the way to the bottom. Big no-no.   I’m sure you’ve seen websites that have a solid chunk of copy head to toe.   It’s a lot of info to take in, and it intimidates readers (I have to read ALL of this!). You’ll remember from our post on online personalities that lots of online visitors don’t like to read.   Lots of readers will clam up if they see too many words – they’re not there to read a novel.   And people don’t read on the Internet the same way they read a book: their eyes flit around the page, searching for information quickly. That’s why you need to block your copy – to point out the most important stuff to your readers and make sure they don’t get overwhelmed. Breaking up copy can be done in a number of ways, many of which we’ve already talked about in our previous post.   As a refresher: Use bulletpoints to highlight important information Use bolded headers Use paragraphs Use bolded words where appropriate Use pictures and charts Use tables, squares, call outs, and sidebars ALWAYS include lots of whitespace in your design Use links to point people to more detailed information Split up longer articles or pieces with â€Å"read more† or â€Å"learn more† links. If your reader is inundated by too many words, you’re going to lose them and you’re also going to lose a sale.   Break it up! Have any questions about our 5 most common web mistakes?   Leave a comment and let us know!   And check back for next week’s last and final post in this series, the 5 Copywriting Rules That Don’t Change Even on the Web.

Nonstandard English Definition and Examples

Nonstandard English Definition and Examples Nonstandard English refers to any dialect of English other than Standard English  and is sometimes referred to as  nonstandard dialect or non-standard variety.  The term Nonstandard English is sometimes used disapprovingly  by non-linguists to describe bad or incorrect English. Examples and Observations It is no simple matter to define the difference between a standard and a nonstandard variety of language. However, for our purposes, we can define a standard dialect as one that draws no negative attention to itself... On the other hand, a nonstandard dialect does draw negative attention to itself; that is, educated people might judge the speaker of such a dialect as socially inferior, lacking education, and so on. A nonstandard dialect can thus be characterized as having socially marked forms, such as aint. A socially marked form is one that causes the listener to form a negative social judgment of the speaker.It is important to understand that identifying a dialect as standard or nonstandard is a sociological judgment, not a linguistic one.(F. Parker and K. Riley, Linguistics for Nons of widespread nonstandard grammatical forms in English include multiple negation.(Peter Trudgill, Introducing Language and Society. Penguin, 1992) In fiction nonstandard forms are mostly found in dialogue and they are used as a powerful tool to reveal character traits or social and regional differences.(Irma Taavitsainen, et al., Writing in Nonstandard English. John Benjamins, 1999) Nonstandard Usage in Huckleberry Finn I see Jim before me, all the time; in the day, and in the night-time, sometimes moonlight, sometimes storms, and we a floating along, talking, and singing, and laughing. But somehow I couldnt seem to strike no places to harden me against him, but only the other kind. Id see him standing my watch on top of hisn, stead of calling me, so I could go on sleeping; and see him how glad he was when I come back out of the fog; and when I come to him agin in the swamp, up there where the feud was; and suchlike times; and would always call me honey, and pet me, and do everything he could think of for me, and how good he always was. And at last I struck the time I saved him by telling the men we had smallpox aboard, and he was so grateful, and said I was the best friend old Jim ever had in the world, and the  only  one hes got now; and then I happened to look around, and see that paper.It was a close place. I took it up, and held it in my hand. I was a trembling, because Id got to decide, fo rever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself:All right, then, Ill go to hell- and tore it up.(Mark Twain,  The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, 1884) The kinds of errors that Huck makes [in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn] are by no means haphazard; Twain carefully placed them to suggest Hucks basic illiteracy but not to overwhelm the reader. Nonstandard verb forms constitute Hucks most typical mistakes. He often uses the present form or past participle for the simple past tense, for example, see or seen for saw; his verbs frequently do not agree with their subjects in number and person; and he often shifts tense within the same sequence.(Janet Holmgren McKay, An Art So High: Style in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New Essays on Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, ed. by Louis J. Budd. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1985) The Stigma of Nonstandard English We should not be so naive... as to begin thinking that nonstandard English will ever shed its stigma. Many who argue against teaching Standard conventions seem to believe it will. The reality is that failure to teach the conventions of Standard and formal Standard English in our classes is unlikely to have any effect on societys attitudes toward speakers of nonstandard English, but it will most certainly have an effect on our students lives. Their horizons will be limited, and many at the bottom of the socioeconomic scale will remain ghettoized. On this basis alone, I would argue that we must push students to reach their full potential, especially with regard to language. Our society is growing ever more competitive, not less, and Standard English, because it is inclusive rather than limiting, is a basic requirement for social and economic opportunities.(James D. Williams, The Teachers Grammar Book, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2005)

The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman

The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s 1892 short story â€Å"​The Yellow Wallpaper,† tells the tale of an unnamed woman slipping slowly deeper into a state of hysteria. A husband takes his wife away from society and isolates her in a rented house on a small island in order to cure her â€Å"nerves.† He leaves her alone, more often than not, except for her prescribed medication, while seeing to his own patients.​ The mental breakdown that she eventually experiences, likely triggered by postpartum depression, is supported by various outside factors which present themselves over time. It is probable that, had doctors been more knowledgeable of the illness at the time, the main character would have been successfully treated and sent on her way. However, due in large part to the influences of other characters, her depression develops into something much deeper and darker. A type of chasm forms in her mind, and we witness as the real world and a fantasy world merge. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a superb description of the misunderstanding of postpartum depression before the 1900s but can also act in the context of today’s world. At the time this short story was written, Gilman was aware of the lack of understanding surrounding postpartum depression. She created a character that would shine a light on the issue, particularly for men and doctors who claimed to know more than they actually did. Gilman humorously hints at this idea in the opening of the story when she writes, â€Å"John is a physician and perhaps that is one reason I do not get well faster.† Some readers may interpret that statement as something a wife would say to poke fun at her know-it-all husband, but the fact remains that many doctors were doing more harm than good when it came to treating (postpartum) depression. Increasing the danger and difficulty is the fact that she, like many women in America at the time, was absolutely under the control of her husband: He said I was his darling and his comfort and all he had, and that I must take care of myself for his sake, and keep well. He says no one but me can help myself out of it, that I must use my will and self-control and not let any silly fancies run away with me. We see by this example alone that her state of mind is dependent upon the needs of her husband. She believes that it is entirely up to her to fix what is wrong with her, for the good of her husband’s sanity and health. There is no desire for her to get well on her own, for her own sake. Further on in the story, when our character begins to lose sanity, she makes the claim that her husband â€Å"pretended to be very loving and kind. As if I couldn’t see through him.† It is only as she loses her grip on reality that she realizes her husband has not been caring for her properly. Although depression has become more understood in the past half-century or so, Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† has not become obsolete. The story can speak to us, in the same way, today about other concepts related to health, psychology, or identity that many people do not fully understand. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a story about a woman, about all women, who suffer from postpartum depression and become isolated or misunderstood. These women were made to feel as if there was something wrong with them, something shameful that had to be hidden away and fixed before they could return to society. Gilman suggests that no one has all the answers; we must trust ourselves and seek help in more than one place, and we should value the roles we can play, of friend or lover, while allowing professionals, like doctors and counselors, to do their jobs. Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a bold statement about humanity. She’s shouting for us to tear down the paper that separates us from each other, from ourselves, so that we may help without inflicting more pain: â€Å"I’ve got out at last, in spite of you and Jane. And I’ve pulled off most of the paper, so you can’t put me back.†

Realism, Fantasy & Utopia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Realism, Fantasy & Utopia - Essay Example Truth and reality can be further defined by looking at the theories of how they are experienced has been examined in philosophical terms. Finally, seeing reality as it is reflected through art forms helps to define the way in which the nature of truth and reality are created, transformed, and then recreated. Truth and reality, because they are defined by absolutes, are a myth in which societies form beliefs in order to frame and explain their world. Reality is defined by the perception of the individual, even though it is often collaboratively linked within cultures, communities, and the greater society. In the end, one person’s reality is not the same as another’s because truth is defined by experience, not by a sense of mutually defined realness. Truth and reality are framed by the nature of experience within the individual, and while they may have some commonality through cultural similarities, in the end, a reality is confined within an individual, the truths of life developed though understandings surrounding experience that accumulate into a series of definitions. Foucault said of truth that each society has its regime of truth. However, the individual’s truth is based upon his position in life and less intrinsically linked to his level of intellectuality (208). Therefore, the question of how to define truth as it relates to the ideology of a society becomes a complexity that frames social constructio n, but is dependent upon the interpretation of individuals through their relating experiences. Foucault also linked truth to power, that power supports the promotion of truths so that belief can be created and framed as truth (208). An example of this can be seen through looking at the work of Galileo who determined that the Earth revolved around the sun, rather than the sun revolving around the Earth. However, because of the religious power of the

Recruitment plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Recruitment plan - Essay Example Recruitment plan It is located near New York City right at the foothills of Blessed Valley Mountains. Sincere College is a reputable institution offering higher education by promoting teaching as well as learning based on curriculum formulated under strong liberal arts. To this account the institution is accredited by Middle States Commission dealing with Higher Education earning high honours for exemplary performance in arts. The institution’s curriculum emphasises on sciences, liberal arts, professional programs as well fine and performing arts within a learning and suitable living environment. Today, the institution is acknowledged for its academic excellence based on its interdisciplinary curriculum, intercultural understanding, international education and also experimental learning opportunities. Job Description: The qualified candidate will teach mainly in the faculty of business particularly in business ethics. Additionally, the candidate may teach required elective courses like perspectives of Business and the Society. Qualified candidates must have a doctorate in a business related field. However, candidates who have completed their dissertation with a stated date of completion will also be considered. Successful candidates must have some teaching experience from a college institution and research interests in the area of Business Ethics. Experience also in the private sector under a for-profit organization will be highly regarded. Candidates who will demonstrate to be in possession of commendable teaching experience will have an added advantage.

Focus On The Victoria Climbie Inquiry Report Social Work Essay

Focus On The Victoria Climbie Inquiry Report Social Work Essay In his statement to the House of Commons when presenting Lord Lamings Inquiry Report into the death of Victoria Climbià ©, on 28 January 2003, the Secretary of State for Health, Alan Milburn, said: It is an all too familiar cry. In the past few decades there have been dozens of inquiries into awful cases of child abuse and neglect. Each has called on us to learn the lesson of what went wrong. Indeed, there is a remarkable consistency in both what went wrong and what is advocated to put it right. Lord Lamings Report goes further. It recognises that the search for a simple solution or a quick fix will not do. It is not just national standards, or proper training, or adequate resources, or local leadership, or new structures that are needed. I will give an overview of the inquiry. I will also give an overview of the themes, lack of accountability right through the organizations to the most senior level and staff not adequately trained in child protection. I will analyse and critique these themes in relation to agency policy, legal requirements, research, practitioner knowledge and the voice of the service user. Previous inquiries and there link to this inquiry will be discussed along with have we learned any lessons from this. The failure to implement a legal, ethical and political framework to inform current best practice will be utilized. I will reflect on the implications of evidence informed practice and how this will inform future social work practice. This paragraph will provide a summary of the events leading to the death of Victoria Climbie, and establish why there was a need for the inquiry. From the report (Lord Laming, 2003) we know that Victoria Climbie came to England with her great-aunt, Marie-Therese Kouao in April 1999. Within a year, she was dead. On 25th February 2000, Victoria died of hyperthermia at St Marys Hospital, Paddington. She was just eight years old and had 128 separate injuries to her body. On 12th January 2001, her great-aunt Kouao and her boyfriend, Carl Manning, were convicted of murder. The level of cruelty experienced by Victoria was truly horrific, with daily beatings using several different implements. Her final days were spent living and sleeping in an unheated bathroom in the middle of winter, where she was bound hand and foot, lying in her own urine and faeces in a bin bag in the bath. The secretary of State set up the independent statutory inquiry into her death, under the Chairmanship of Lord La ming, in April 2001, to establish under section 81 of the Children Act 89 the concerns with the functions of the local authority social services committees and the way they relate to children. The inquiry wanted to examine the way in which local authorities in respect of their social services functions and identify the services sought or required by, or in respect of Victoria, Marie-Therese and Carl. This section will now aim to analyse and critique the key theme I have identified that emerged from the inquiry report which is lack of accountability right through the organizations to the most senior level and staff not adequately trained in child protection. Lord Laming (2003) points out There were at least 12 key occasions when the relevant services had opportunities to successfully intervene to help Victoria, but had failed to do so. Within the Report Lord laming (2003) states That not one of these interventions would have required great skill or made heavy demands on staff, sometimes it needed nothing more than a manager doing their job by asking pertinent questions or taking the trouble to look in a case file. He continues to states Lord Laming (2003) There can be no excuse for such sloppy and unprofessional performance. As Lord Laming (2003) commented Not one of the agencies empowered by Parliament to protect children in positions such as Victorias emerged from the Inquiry wi th much credit, what happened to Victoria, and her ultimate death, resulted from an inexcusable gross failure of the system. Lord Lamings (2003) expressed His amazement that nobody in the agencies had the presence of mind to follow what are relatively straightforward procedures on how to respond to a child about whom there is concern of deliberate harm. The Inquiry Report (Lord Laming, 2003) highlighted widespread lack of accountability through the organisations as the principal reason for the lack of protection afforded to Victoria. Who should be held responsible for these failures? As Webb (2002) states: Lord Laming was clear that it is not the hapless and sometimes inexperienced front-line staff to whom he directs most criticism, but to those in positions of management, including hospital consultants, I think that the performance of people in leadership positions should be judged on how well services are delivered at the front door. Professor Nigel Parton (2003) points out that Too often in the Inquiry people justify their positions around bureaucratic activities rather than around outcomes for children. Frankly, I would be the very last person to say that good administration is not essential to good practice. Professor Nigel Parton (2003) continues to state that Good administration-and we did not see a lot of it, I have to say-i s a means to an end. I cannot imagine in any other walk of life if a senior manager was in charge of an organisation and that organisation was going down the pan-to put it crudely-in terms of sales and performance that someone would say My role is entirely strategic, do not hold me to account for what happens in the organisation. People who occupy senior positions have to stand or fall by what service is delivered at the front door. The Inquiry Report Lord Laming (2003) highlighted the apparent failure of those in senior positions to understand, or accept, that they were responsible for the quality, efficiency and effectiveness of local services. As Rustin (2010) states Lord Laming pointed to the yawning gap in the differing perceptions of the organisation held by front line staff and senior managers. Lord Laming was unequivocal that the failure was the fault of managers whose job it should have been to understand what was happening at their front door. As the Report Lord Laming (20 03) pointed out, some of those in the most senior positions used the defence no one ever told me to distance themselves from responsibility, and to argue that there was nothing they could have done. Rustin (2004) states this was not a view shared by Lord Laming. Rustin (2004) also continues to state that Lord Laming went even further in evidence to us, telling us forcefully that, in his view, accountability of managers was paramount, and that the front line staff were generally doing their utmost. In addition to the fundamental problems of a lack of accountability and managerial control, it was also apparent in the course of the Inquiry Lord Laming (2003) that other failings existed in all aspects of practice. This section will evaluate previous inquiries and how they link to this inquiry and have any lessons been learned from them. As Rustin (2004) states: As with many previous inquiries into child protection failures, Maria Colwell (1973), Jasmine Beckford (1984), Tyra Henry (1984 ) and Kimberley Carlile (1986) it was clear that the quality of information exchange was often poor, systems were crude and information failed to be passed between hospitals in close proximity to each other. As the Report commented Lord Laming (2003) Information systems that depend on the random passing of slips of paper have no place in modern services. The evidence from another report, Maria Colwell, who had died in January of 1973 pointed to similar weaknesses, which were found in Victorias report these weaknesses were, lack of accountability and staff not adequately trained (Corby et al, 2001). Inquiry reports are sources of evidence to inform social work practice and even though they have many weaknesses within them as illustrated. Professor Nigel Parton (2004) points out that In many respects public inquiries have proved to be the key vehicle through which changes in policy and practice have been brought about over the last thirty years in relation to child protection policy and practice in this country. Professor Nigel Parton (2004) continues to point out that Rather than public inquiries being ignored, they have been fundamental to the way child protection operates. In this respect, they are as much a part of the problem as they are the solution. Have lessons been learned from the many public inquiries over the previous thirty years. It was as if states Professor Nigel Parton (2004) The frontline professionals, and the key organisations and agencies who have responsibility for children and families were quite incapable of learning the lessons and, crucially, putting these into practice in such a way that such horrendous tragedies could be avoided. It is hoped by many, therefore, that the report by Lord Laming, and the changes brought about as a result, will mean that this will be the last report of its type. This section will address the other theme I have highlighted adequate training. The question of adequate training and supervision for staff working in all the relevant agencies were also an issue identified in the Inquiry. Professor Nigel Parton (2004) points out that In Haringey, for example, it was observed that the provision of supervision may have looked good on paper but in practice it was woefully inadequate for many of the front line staff. Professor Nigel Barton (2004) also points out that nowhere was this more evident than in the fact that in the final weeks of Victorias life a social worker called several times at the flat where she had been living. There was no reply to her knocks and the social worker assumed, quite wrongly, that Victoria and Kouao had moved away, and took no further action. As the Laming Report (Lord Laming, 2003) commented, It was entirely possible that at the time Victoria was in fact lying just a few yards away, in the prison of the bath, desperately hoping someone might find her and come to her rescue before her life ebbed away. This section will now look at the failure to implement the legal and political framework within the inquiry report. Lord Laming within the report (Lord Laming 2003) told us that he continued to believe that the Children Act 1989 was basically sound legislation. His recommendations do not argue for a major new legislative framework. However, Lord Laming (2003) states he did not believe that the Act was being implemented in the way that had been envisaged for it, and, in his view, there was a yawning gap at the present time between the aspirations and expectations of Parliament and the certainty of what is delivered at the front door. Rustin (2004) states In the absence of adequate managerial accountability, front line workers were obliged to make crucial strategic decisions, for example about the use of the Children Act, and between using sections 17 and 47 (relating respectively to a child in need, and a child in need of protection). The sections of the Act had been developed with th e intention of as pointed out by Rustin (2004) Of recognising the different needs of children. How the sections were being applied on the ground however as stated by Lord Laming (2003) is Quite different, far from employing the section of the Act that would best meet the needs of the particular child and their circumstances, what they were actually doing was using these sections to restrict access to services and to limit the availability of services to people. The Children Act, Lord Laming (2003) argued to us Should be about promoting the well-being of children, not about putting labels around peoples neck. Lord Laming (2003) went on to suggest that Front line workers were being forced into making decisions that should properly have rested with management and policy decisions. This raised major questions about the role of public services and the basic principles that should underpin them, as (Lord Laming 2003) stated We need to stand back and say that we need to discover the basic principle that the public services are there to serve the public, not just some of the public and not just some people who can get through eligibility criteria, or who are sufficiently persistent. Therefore services must be more accessible and they must be more in tune with their local communities. If, as Lord Laming believes Kirton (2009, p.17) states The Victoria Climbià © case was not unique, but highlighted widespread and major deficiencies in the implementation of the Children Act, this raises issues that Government should address. I believe that the Children Act 1989 remains essentially sound legislation. However, there is concern as pointed out by Professor Nigel Parton (2004) That the provisions of the Act which sought to ensure an appropriate response to the differing needs of children are being applied inappropriately, used as a means of rationing access to services, and have led to section 17 cases being regarded as having low priority. The Laming Inquiry (Lord Laming 20 03) recommended that consideration should be given to unifying the Working Together guidance and the National Assessment Framework guidance into a single document, setting out clearly how the sections of the Act should be applied, and giving clear direction on action to be taken under sections 17 and 47. Within this section I will discuss the ethical framework. It is important to include the issues of social class and gender, which were not evident in the Victoria Climbià © inquiry. However, it is issues around ethnicity and race that are more evident. However, the diversity referred to is incredibly complex. This is illustrated at various points states Webb (2002) For example: At the time Victorias case was handled in Brent, all the duty social workers had received their training abroad and were on temporary contracts. (In Brent) at least 50 per cent of social workers time was spent working on cases of unaccompanied minors. As Webb (2002) states There was evidence that Haringey has one of the most diverse populations in the country, with 160 different languages spoken locally, a long tradition of travellers settling in the borough and a high proportion of asylum-seeking families (9 percent of the total population). Within the report Lord Laming (2003) points out that In relation to all the London boroughs involved there were high levels of poverty and deprivation, diverse ethnic, cultural, linguistic backgrounds, as well as the diverse backgrounds of the workers themselves. In many respects, it seems Victorias situation was not unique in these respective boroughs. Webb (2002) indicated The impact of increased global mobility, more specifically the rapid increase in asylum-seeking families, together with the diverse backgrounds of the workers themselves increasingly seems to characterise work in many metropolitan areas. This has a particular impact states Webb (2002) On the nature, stability and cohesion of local communities. It is worth noting that, compared to the Maria Colwell case, no referrals are noted in the Victoria Climbià © case from neighbours or other members of the community apart from the child minder Mrs Cameron. We are not simply talking about diversity here but incredible compl exity. Kirton (2009) argues that Not only does it pose major linguistic challenges but also it poses major challenges for statutory departments in relation to the familial and cultural identities of those with whom they work and to whom they have responsibility. Issues around racism are clearly important here, however they cannot be reduced to a simple black and white community and cultural divide. This section will reflect on the implications of evidence-informed practice (EIP) and the usefulness of the inquiry to inform the development of future social work practice. Often, in hindsight, those who put people at risk are blamed for the misfortune and harm they cause. (Kirton, 2009) This is arguably the most signi ¬Ã‚ cant professional context in which EIP has emerged. According to Munro (1998) Social workers rely on vague assessments and predictions, rather than considering what is more or less probable. In everyday life decisions have to be made on a limited evidence base and professional decisions are also at best problematic. There are numerous unexpected and complex outcomes in social work, many of which rest on having to make judgments under conditions of uncertainty. (Kirton, 2009) The main problems associated with making effective decisions in social work as stated by Kirton (2009) include: risk and uncertainty, intangibles, long-term implications, interdisciplinary input and the politics of different vested interests pooled decision making and value judgments. Decision analysis has developed as a statistical technique to help overcome these kinds of problems. Decision analysis is closely related to risk assessment and actuarial practices. Evidence-informed practice and policy are self-explanatory. They involve the adoption of evidence-based protocols and use local standards for conducting social work practice and developing organizationally speci ¬Ã‚ c policies. (Webb, 2002) It has been suggested that evidence-informed protocols feed directly into the practitioner context to provide guidelines for carrying out EIP. Essentially evidence-informed practice and policy in social work will entail the explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the social care of service users. This de ¬Ã‚ nition is widely used and derived from Sackett et al.s Evidence-based Medicine (1996). A pragmatic approach as stated by Sa ckett (1996) Has been adopted here, which regards the practice of evidence as integrating practitioner expertise with the best available external evidence from systematic but multiple research methods. The implementation model outlined is the idea that the practice-based process begins with the evidence rather than the individual or groups of clients. Clearly the application of evidence-informed practice and policies will be governed by the economic scope of social work agencies in terms of resources and the development of an evidence-informed infrastructure. (Kirton, 2009) Sackett (1996) points out that At a local level it will also be dependent on incremental learning and accumulative professional development which are likely to be facilitated by the practice research networks and evidence-based brie ¬Ã‚ ngs discussed above. In this essay I have analysed and critiqued two key themes from the inquiry, lack of accountability right through the organizations to the most senior level and staff not, adequately trained in child protection. I have also analysed and critique these themes in relation to agency policy, legal requirements, research, practitioner knowledge and the voice of the service user. I have linked previous inquiries and discussed have we learned any lessons from these inquiries. I identified the failure to implement a legal, ethical and political framework to inform current best practice will. I also reflected on the implications of evidence informed practice and how this will inform future social work practice. A closing quote to finish from the Secretary of State, Alan Milburn (2003) It has felt as if Victoria has attended every step of this inquiry, and it has been my good fortune to have had the assistance of colleagues whose abilities have been matched by their commitment to the task of doing justice to Victorias memory and her enduring spirit, and to creating something positive from her suffering and ultimate death.

Discuss the Notions of Ideology and/or False Consciousnes

â€Å"The ideas of the ruling class are in every epoch the ruling ideas, i. e. the class which is the ruling material force of society, is at the same time its ruling intellectual force. † (K. Marx and F. Engels. (1998) â€Å"Ruling Class and Ruling Ideas†. In J. Storey. (ed. ). Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: A Reader Harlow, Essex: Pearson, 191. ) Discuss the notions of ideology and/or false consciousness. Ideology is something that has and will be always in everyone’s life. This is a part of human life.In my essay about ideology I am going to write about Karl Marx ideas about ideology and also Louise Althusser interpretations about ideology. In my opinion they are the two that explain ideology and false consciousness in the best and most understandable way. I am going to start with Karl Marx and write about his thoughts on ideology, false consciousness and how does it fit in to everyday life. Afterwards how Althusser complicated Marx’s ideas and ex plained how ideology works in people’s lives in his own way.The Expression â€Å"Ideology† was created by Cabanis, Destutt de Tracy and their friends, and they defined it as an object the theory of ideas. Afterwards it was picked up by Karl Marx (1818-1883) and few years latter Louis Althusser (1918-1990) started expanding Marx ides on ideology. Main ideas on ideology by Karl Marx appeared in â€Å"The German Ideology†, that he wrote with Frederick Engels. Althusser wrote about Marx’s ides that (2001) â€Å"Ideology itself represents the â€Å"production of ideas, of conceptions, of consciousness,† all that â€Å"men say, imagine, conceive,† and include such things as â€Å"politics, laws, morality, religion, metaphysics, etc. Ideology functions as the superstructure of a civilization: the conventions and culture that make up the dominant ideas of a society. † Ideology is basically ideas of social groups. People think that something has some kind of purpose to serve them, but really it has a different purpose. For example police, everyone thinks that they are here to protect us, but actually their purpose is to keep us under control. The ideology is based on the ruling class and their ideas. Ruling class tries to keep everything running properly and keep people under control.It is said by Althusser â€Å"Since one goal of ideology is to legitimize those forces in a position of hegemony, it tends to obfuscate the violence and exploitation that often keep a disempowered group in its place. † For masses ideology is as a system of illusory beliefs – False Consciousness. False consciousness is a misrepresentation of different social relations between privet and public. Daniel Little (no date) wrote â€Å"â€Å"False consciousness† is a concept derived from Marxist theory of social class. The concept refers to the systematic misrepresentation of dominant social relations in the consciousness of subordinate classes.Marx himself did not use the phrase â€Å"false consciousness,† but he paid extensive attention to the related concepts of ideology and commodity fetishism. † Marx never said in his work that ideology is false consciousness, but ideology in his work can be interpreted as false consciousness in some ways. Ideology is seen as illusionary beliefs, people see things in one way, helping them, their living conditions and different organisations working for people, for example schools, clothing factories, etc. But in reality all this organisations work for ruling classes to keep masses under ruling classes power.Schools educate people to make them able to work for the ruling class in the future and keep the economy going. Clothing factories create clothes for people, and everybody thinks that their made for them to feel better, so they could go out and buy new clothes and feel happy. In reality clothes are produced to lure people to buy them and spend money , give hardly earned money back to the ruling class and most of the clothes are produced to last for a short time, so people would keep coming back and buying more.Looking through people’s point of view, ideology can be interpreted as false consciousness. Andrew Butler (2009) said in our lecture â€Å"Ideology – people doing what they’re doing without knowing what they’re doing or why. † If people are doing what they are doing without knowing, it can be translated as false consciousness. They think that they know what they are doing and why they are doing it, but actually not. Ideology is false beliefs and ideas, false understanding how world works. Louis Althusser, expanded Karl Marx ideas on ideology.Marx separated everything, he thought that superstructure has a relative autonomy with relation to the base, that superstructure is not influenced by base and other way around as well. But Althusser did not reject these ideas but complicates them, he sees superstructure and base working together, he does not separate them from each other. It was said in our lecture by Andrew Butler (2009) â€Å"Whereas classic Marxism sees the economic base as determining the superstructure Althusser sees them as having a Double function. By double function he meant that there is not a separation between public and private, everything is linked together. A good example was brought in our lecture notes by Andrew Butler (2009) â€Å"Imagine a kind of network where everything impacts on everything else. the feminist slogan the personal is political would be a good way of thinking about this. So the family – something that might seem personal or more specifically say breastfeeding might seem private is in fact linked to the economic base and influenced by the superstructure.Breastfeeding could be part of a medical fad or you might do it because of education but doing it or not impacts on when you go back to work or whether you buy formula milks so it is an economic and political decision as well as a private one. † In Althusser’s opinion ideology treats people as subjects, because ideology has a material existence. Ideology always reveals through human actions and participations. For example art, art is produced for people to buy, to give money back to the country, but art is produced through another person, through hard labour and he also gets paid for it, this is a job for him.David Hawkes (1996, p. 122) said â€Å"an ideology always exists in an apparatus, and its practice, or practices. This existence is material† Ideology is an ideal idea of perfect state; it has a material existence that treats humans as subjects. In our lecture notes by Andrew Butler (2009) Althusser asked â€Å"why subjects are obedient, why people follow the laws and why isn't there a revolt/revolution against capitalism IF IT IS NOT IN THE INTERESTS OF THE LOWER CLASSES† and he explained this through complicating Marx’s ideas by bringing in Repressive State Apparatuses and Ideological State Apparatuses.Repressive State Apparatuses can control people by force so everybody would behave in the way as the ruling class wants; it includes organizations like the police, prisons, security, etc. Ideological State Apparatuses include institutions that create ideologies on what people can act and believe, for example schools, churches, legal systems, radio, press, television, etc. ISAs acts through ideology, they tell people how to think and influence people mentally, not like RSA, which acts through violence. In conclusion I would say that Ideology is a set of ideas of social groups.People think that something has some kind of purpose to serve them, but really it has a different purpose – false consciousness. For masses ideology is as a system of illusory beliefs – False Consciousness. Though Marx never said in his work that ideology is false consciousness, but ideology in his wor k can be interpreted as false consciousness in some ways. Louis Althusser was another ideology theorist and he expanded Karl Marx ideas on ideology. Where Marxism saw the economic base as determining the superstructure Althusser saw them as having a Double function.That they work together, superstructure determines economic base and economic base determines superstructure. He explained this by expanding Marx’s ideas by bringing in Repressive State Apparatuses and Ideological State Apparatuses. That people are seen as subject and state has different associations to keep people under control by force, violence and also by giving people ideas how everything works and it is all meant to be for people, to make their lives better and more organised. Ideology is meant to keep people under ruling class power and order.In my opinion the ideology is working just fine, it keeps the world organised and together. Only it does it through false consciousness, lies. †¢ Hawkes, D. (1996) Ideology. reprint edition. Routledge †¢ Althusser, L. (2001) Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. Trans. Ben Brewster. New York: Monthly Review P. Available at: http://www. cla. purdue. edu/English/theory/marxism/modules/marxideology. html (Accessed: 21 April 2009) †¢ Althusser, L. (2001) Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. Trans. Ben Brewster. New York: Monthly Review P.Available at: http://www. cla. purdue. edu/English/theory/marxism/modules/marxideology. html (Accessed: 21 April 2009) †¢ Althusser, L. (2001) Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. Trans. Ben Brewster. New York: Monthly Review P. Available at: http://www. cla. purdue. edu/English/theory/marxism/modules/marxideology. html (Accessed: 21 April 2009) †¢ Little, D. (no date) False Consciousness, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Available at: http://www-personal. umd. umich. edu/~delittle/iess%20false%20consciousness%20V2. htm (Accessed: 21 April 2009)

ptlls assignment Essay - 7948 Words

Level – 4 (Prepare to teach in the lifelong learning sector) - PTLLS The following are headings for broad areas students will have to research to show evidence of competence in PTLLS. GROUP A: Roles and responsibilities and relationships in lifelong learning GROUP B 1: Understanding inclusive learning and teaching in lifelong learning GROUP B 2: Using inclusive learning and teaching approaches in lifelong learning GROUP D: Principle of assessment in lifelong learning Each group (Group A, Group B1, Group B2 and Group D) is made up of sub-headings and questions or â€Å"statements of competence†. Group: Group A, Group B1, Group B2 and Group D Sub-headings: (Example) (1.Understand own role and responsibilities in†¦show more content†¦HSE at work requires me to take reasonable care of my health and safety and that of others who may be affected by what I do at work, cooperate with my employers on HSE matters and take necessary trainings especially training relating to me field which is Science. Also inform my employers of any concern I have relating to health and safety. As Gravells says: â€Å"Learners are entitled to learn in a safe and healthy Environment† (Gravells 2012:29). The Copyright Designs and Patents Act (1988) are relevant in a teaching environment. The materials I use to teach learners must either be produced by me, or I must ensure that I and or my organisation have permission to use such materials. Another important piece of legislation to consider is the Data Protection Act (2003). This is important because I will have access to students personal data which I shouldn’t share with anyone or external organisation without authorisation from my employer and permission from my student in question. 1.2 Analyse own responsibilities of promoting equality and valuing diversity Equality is about rights of students to have access to, attend, and participate in their chosen learning experience. This should be regardless of ability and/or circumstances. Diversity is about valuing and respecting the differences in students, regardless of ability and/or circumstances, or any other individual characteristics they may have.(GravellsShow MoreRelatedPtlls Assignment2145 Words   |  9 PagesPreparing for Teaching in the Lifelong Learning Sector Assignment No 1 Roles, Responsibilities Relationships in Lifelong Learning By Mark Britten Acknowledgements: Appreciation is given to the teachers and staff of Stafford College, for information, structure and teaching practices as discussed throughout the learning periods attended so far. Thanks are also given to the staff within the library of bothRead MorePtlls Assignment 11882 Words   |  8 PagesT1 ASSESSMENT PTLLS USING THE FIVE DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE TEACHING CYCLE DESCRIBE THE ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIS AND BOUNDARIES. Alexandra Kennedy-Stamos 10/04/11 In this assignment we will be looking at the five stages of the teaching cycle and once identified describing their roles, responsibilities and boundaries. The cycle can be followed by teacher and learner alike and must be followed for learning to be truly effective as described in the following quote: Ann Gravells (2008: 27) â€Å"It’s calledRead MorePtlls Theory Assignment 11600 Words   |  7 PagesPTLLS Theory Assignment 1 Review your role, responsibilities and boundaries as a teacher in terms of the teaching/ training cycle. Teaching is an extremely important profession as we are responsible for training up the future generations of our community, country and in effect, the world. In order to be a successful and effective teacher there are some basic skills and competencies that one must possess. The experiences that students have inside (and outside) our classrooms, schools and variousRead MoreEssay Ptlls Assignment 12062 Words   |  9 Pages Assignment 1 Roles, responsibilities and relationships in lifelong learning 1.1.3 Explain own role and responsibilities in lifelong learning I see my role as a teacher of beauty therapy as facilitating my knowledge through learning and following the learning cycle. I usually start by trying to identify the learners needs by arranging and carrying out suitable assessments, carrying out interviews, identifying any barriers to learning and to help my learners achieve their chosen program, by usingRead MoreLEVEL 4 PTLLS ASSIGNMENT2892 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿Nand Kishore Bissoo 19 September 2014 Level 4 PTLLS Assignment Unit 008 Roles, Responsibilities and Relationships in Lifelong Learning: 1.1 The relevant legislations for teachers are Health and Safety at Work Act 1974.This act aims at protecting people against risks to health and safety in connection with their activities at work. The Race Relations Act 1976.This act prohibits discrimination on the grounds of colour, race, nationalityRead MorePtlls Level 3 Assignment1452 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 2. Write a concise summary (approximately 1’200 words) to demonstrate your understanding of your role and responsibilities as a teacher in relation to: ï‚ § Your responsibilities and those of others who have an effect on your work. ï‚ § Legislation – how might it impact on your area and context of teaching. ï‚ § Equality, diversity and inclusion – in what ways can you integrate these principles into your teaching. ï‚ § Internal and external assessment requirements- what requirementsRead MorePtlls Assignment 1 Roles and Responsibilities Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pageslearning progress and have to be addressed by checking our institutional structure for support systems, referring a learner to appropriate specialists and maintaining communication. Bibliography: Francis, M. amp; Gould, J. (2009). Achieving your PTLLS award: a practical guide to successful teaching in the lifelong learning sector. Los Angeles; London: SAGE. Gravells, A. (2008) Preparing to Teach in the Lifelong Learning Sector. Exeter: Learning Matters Ingleby, E., Joyce, D., Powell, S. (2010)Read MorePTLLS Assignment 1: Roles and Responsibilities in the Teaching Cycle2088 Words   |  9 Pageswith any reasonable adjustments made. I need to ensure that any examinations are conducted appropriately in accordance with guidelines set by the examining board. I need to ensure objectivity, equality and fairness in my grading and marking of assignments. I also need to complete my marking in a timely manner to ensure that learners receive feedback as soon as possible. Feedback on assigments would be written or vebral if additional support was required. Feedback should be constructive, balancedRead MorePtlls Assignment 2 Task 1understand Inclusive Learning and Teaching in Lifelong Learning1493 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 2 Task 1 Task 1- Understand inclusive learning and teaching in lifelong learning This briefing document is for staff development and is designed to support staff to have a better understanding of inclusive learning and teaching in lifelong learning. At the end of the briefing session participants will be aware of what inclusive learning involves, how to motivate and engage students and establish ground rules. Participants will be learning the importance of providing students with constructiveRead MoreRoles and Responsibility Essay835 Words   |  4 PagesCurzon, L.B. (2003) Teaching in further Education: An outline of Principles and Practice, 6th Ed., p17, London: Continuum. Encarta World English Dictionary  © (P) 1998-2005. Microsoft Corporation. Francis, M and Gould, J. (2009) Achieving Your PTLLS Award: A Practical Guild to Successful Teaching in the Lifelong Learning Sector. London: Sage Publications. Huddleston, P and Unwin, L. (2008) Teaching and learning in further Education: Diversity and Change. 3rd Ed., p85, London: Routledge.

Essay Tough Love in William Shakespeare’s play, Othello

In William Shakespeare’s tragic play, Othello, Desdemona asserts, â€Å"‘wouldst thou do such a deed for all the world?’† (4.3.76). During a friendly banter, Desdemona asks Emilia this very question; would she cheat on her husband to help him become monarch and have power over all the world? She quietly replies that she would only in secret, but only for her husband’s own good. This question plays an essential role throughout Othello because Emilia is first accused of cheating on her husband. Additionally, she is obsequious towards Iago because of her female role and responsibility as a wife. As a result of being so obedient, she later steals the highly valued handkerchief because her husband desired it. Shakespeare utilizes Emilia to portray†¦show more content†¦Additionally, Emilia’s adverse view on marriage and her husband matches Iago’s unfavorable view on women and marriage being less than enjoyable. Demonstrating her disr egard for marriage, Emilia declares, â€Å"‘they are all but stomachs, and we all but food; they eat us hungerly, and when they are full, they belch us’† (3.4.104-60. By saying this, she is showing knowledge and experience with the relations of men and women and the cruel manner they treat each other. Emilia verbalizes how men only use women to get what they desire, and disregard them when they cannot be expended to any further extent. In the play, Iago uses Emilia to seize Desdemona’s handkerchief, his treasured article of Desdemona’s as a gift of love from Othello. After gaining possession of the handkerchief, he wants to present evidence of Othello’s wife cheating on him. The final result of the stolen handkerchief is death of multiple people including Emilia, Desdemona, and Iago. Emilia’s thoughts and sayings pertaining to marriage, if taken seriously, could have prevented numerous deaths. Although a minor character, Shakespeare implements Emilia, and her decisions to remain silent or voice her opinions, to establish his storyline and eventually tie it all together into a tragic play. Emilia’s choice to remain silent as the other characters spoke helped drive the play’s action because of her unforeseen insight on the dilemma aboutShow MoreRelatedOthello : William Shakespeare s Othello2542 Words   |  11 Pages3 March 2015 Othello Introduction Shakespeare is the second most quoted writer in the English language – after the various writers of the Bible. Many of Shakespeare’s ideas for the play Othello came from a collection of tales written by Giraldi Cinthio. In Othello the character of Iago acts as the prominent main character throughout the play, even though he plays the role of the antagonist to the other central characters in the comedy Iago is the tragic hero. 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